发布日期: 2021-11-18

更新日期: 2021-11-18

文章字数: 8k

阅读时长: 42 分

阅读次数:

Docker

1.配置虚拟机IP

# 编辑网络配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
TYPE=Ethernet
# 静态IP
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=ens33
DEVICE=ens33
# 开机自启
ONBOOT=yes
# IP地址
IPADDR=192.168.1.202
# 子网掩码
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
# 网关
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
# DNS
DNS1=114.114.114.114
DNS2=1.2.4.8

# 重启网卡
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network

2.安装Docker引擎

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum install -y yum-utils    # 安装yum-utils包
# 设置仓库地址-阿里云
[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# 安装docker引擎
[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
# 启动docker
[root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl start docker
# 查看docker版本
[root@localhost ~]# docker -v
Docker version 20.10.9, build c2ea9bc
# 通过run hello-world 验证 Docker Engine 是否已正确安装。
[root@localhost ~]# sudo docker run hello-world

3.Doker的启动与停止命令

[root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl start docker    # 启动docker
[root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl stop docker    # 停止docker
[root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl restart docker    # 重启docker
[root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl enable docker    # 设置开机自启docker
[root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl status docker    # 查看docker状态
[root@localhost ~]# sudo docker info    # 查看docker的概要信息
[root@localhost ~]# sudo docker --help    # 查看docker的帮助信息

4.配置镜像加速

Docker 从 Docker Hub 拉取镜像，因为是从国外获取，所以速度较慢
可以通过配置国内镜像源的方式，从国内获取镜像，提高拉取速度。

# 编辑文件
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

设置163和中国科技大学的镜像

重新加载配置信息及重启docker服务

# 重新加载文件
[root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl daemon-reload
# 重启docker
[root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl restart docker

5.镜像相关命令

1.查看镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 weeks ago   13.3kB

REPOSITORY : 镜像在仓库中的名称
TAG：镜像标签，latest代表最新版本
IMAGE ID：镜像ID
CREATED：镜像创建的日期
SIZE：镜像大小

这些镜像都是存储在宿主机**/etc/lib/docker**目录下的

3.搜索镜像

语法:

docker search 镜像名称

实例：

[root@localhost ~]# docker search redis    # 搜索名为redis的镜像
NAME                             DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
redis                            Redis is an open source key-value store that…   10076     [OK]       
sameersbn/redis                                                                  83                   [OK]
grokzen/redis-cluster            Redis cluster 3.0, 3.2, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 6.2      79                   
rediscommander/redis-commander   Alpine image for redis-commander - Redis man…   66                   [OK]
redislabs/redisearch             Redis With the RedisSearch module pre-loaded…   40                   
redislabs/redisinsight           RedisInsight - The GUI for Redis                35                   
oliver006/redis_exporter          Prometheus Exporter for Redis Metrics. Supp…   31                   
redislabs/redis                  Clustered in-memory database engine compatib…   31                   
redislabs/rejson                 RedisJSON - Enhanced JSON data type processi…   29                   
arm32v7/redis                    Redis is an open source key-value store that…   25                   
redislabs/redisgraph             A graph database module for Redis               16                   [OK]
arm64v8/redis                    Redis is an open source key-value store that…   16                   
redislabs/rebloom                A probablistic datatypes module for Redis       16                   [OK]
redislabs/redismod               An automated build of redismod - latest Redi…   15                   [OK]
webhippie/redis                  Docker image for redis                          11                   [OK]
redislabs/redistimeseries        A time series database module for Redis         10                   
s7anley/redis-sentinel-docker    Redis Sentinel                                  10                   [OK]
insready/redis-stat              Docker image for the real-time Redis monitor…   10                   [OK]
goodsmileduck/redis-cli          redis-cli on alpine                             9                    [OK]
centos/redis-32-centos7          Redis in-memory data structure store, used a…   5                    
clearlinux/redis                 Redis key-value data structure server with t…   3                    
wodby/redis                      Redis container image with orchestration        1                    [OK]
tiredofit/redis                  Redis Server w/ Zabbix monitoring and S6 Ove…   1                    [OK]
xetamus/redis-resource           forked redis-resource                           0                    [OK]
centos/redis-5-centos7           Redis in-memory data structure store, used a…   0                    
[root@localhost ~]#

4.拉取镜像

语法：

docker pull 镜像名称

假如我们要拉去centos镜像到本地，如果不声明镜像TAG标签信息则默认拉取latest版本，也可以通过hub.docker.com搜索该镜像，查看支持的TAG信息。

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull redis
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/redis
7d63c13d9b9b: Pull complete 
a2c3b174c5ad: Pull complete 
283a10257b0f: Pull complete 
7a08c63a873a: Pull complete 
0531663a7f55: Pull complete 
9bf50efb265c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:a89cb097693dd354de598d279c304a1c73ee550fbfff6d9ee515568e0c749cfe
Status: Downloaded newer image for redis:latest
docker.io/library/redis:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
redis         latest    7faaec683238   12 days ago   113MB
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 weeks ago   13.3kB
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull redis:5
5: Pulling from library/redis
7d63c13d9b9b: Already exists 
a2c3b174c5ad: Already exists 
283a10257b0f: Already exists 
54ac4e97e390: Pull complete 
0d3ede1e63a5: Pull complete 
878bf2d7168d: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:8217ee751b6a72bc4b3ef757c18aa9619e939d5073d5a26ce2074905385000b0
Status: Downloaded newer image for redis:5
docker.io/library/redis:5
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
redis         5         02fee89f17ad   12 days ago   110MB
redis         latest    7faaec683238   12 days ago   113MB
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 weeks ago   13.3kB
[root@localhost ~]#

5.删除镜像

docker rmi 镜像名/镜像id

[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi redis
Untagged: redis:latest
Untagged: redis@sha256:a89cb097693dd354de598d279c304a1c73ee550fbfff6d9ee515568e0c749cfe
Deleted: sha256:7faaec68323851b2265bddb239bd9476c7d4e4335e9fd88cbfcc1df374dded2f
Deleted: sha256:e6deb90762475cda72e21895911f830ed99fd1cc6d920d92873270be91235274
Deleted: sha256:2649acad13241d9c8d81e49357bc66cce459b352ded7f423d70ede7bd3bb7b89
Deleted: sha256:64007bba5fc220df4d3da33cecdc2d55dd6a73528c138b0fa1acd79fd6a9c217
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi redis:5
Untagged: redis:5
Untagged: redis@sha256:8217ee751b6a72bc4b3ef757c18aa9619e939d5073d5a26ce2074905385000b0
Deleted: sha256:02fee89f17adc8213b560b929d5ac585137612651f8eeb26423aadfe39dc3847
Deleted: sha256:f92e4de257018a916bd0715da7b1dd39a3540fa393799c2219a82f0ce99d57e2
Deleted: sha256:b13f2ab83d74b48551107876f35dcdaa7197a557fd4769cd4bfeb56bc4f031b6
Deleted: sha256:58ca4126d8128345fc58de904cb9029f2a1deb1f88b1fa0ac3f3f0e707f099b9
Deleted: sha256:b2cc2f1bf8b1cca8ba7c19e1697f7b73755903ad8f880b83673fd6a697aca935
Deleted: sha256:fbd1283ab782925be4d990bd4bebe9ad5e5cf9a525abfb6fa87465e072da9d31
Deleted: sha256:e8b689711f21f9301c40bf2131ce1a1905c3aa09def1de5ec43cf0adf652576e
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 weeks ago   13.3kB
[root@localhost ~]#

6.容器相关命令

1.查看容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

CONTAINER ID：容器ID
IMAGE：所属镜像
COMMAND：
CREATED：创建时间
STATUS：状态
PORTS：端口
NAMES：容器名称

查看所有容器(停止和运行)

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a    
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND    CREATED        STATUS                    PORTS     NAMES
a08d44d00165   hello-world   "/hello"   27 hours ago   Exited (0) 27 hours ago             magical_buck

查看停止运行的容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -f status=exited
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND    CREATED        STATUS                    PORTS     NAMES
a08d44d00165   hello-world   "/hello"   27 hours ago   Exited (0) 27 hours ago             magical_buck

查看最后一次运行的容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND    CREATED      STATUS                  PORTS     NAMES
a08d44d00165   hello-world   "/hello"   2 days ago   Exited (0) 2 days ago             magical_buck

列出最近创建的n个容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -n 2
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE         COMMAND    CREATED      STATUS                  PORTS     NAMES
a08d44d00165   hello-world   "/hello"   2 days ago   Exited (0) 2 days ago             magical_buck

2.创建与启动容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

-i：表示运行的容器
-t ：表示容器启动后会进入其命令行。加入这两个参数后，容器创建就能登陆进去。即分配一个伪终端。
–name：为创建的容器命名。
-v：表示目录映射关系（前者是宿主机目录，后者是映射到宿主机上的目录），可以使用多个-v做多个目录或文件映射。注意：最好做目录映射，在宿主机上做修改，然后共享到容器上。
-d：在run后面加上-d参数，则会创建一个守护式容器在后台运行（这样创建容器后就不会自动登录容器，如果只加-i -t两个参数，创建容器后就会自动进容器里）。
-p：表示端口映射，前者是宿主机端口，后者是容器内的映射端口。可以使用多个-p做多个端口映射。
-P：随机使用宿主机的可用端口与容器暴露的端口映射。

创建容器并进入

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mynginx -P nginx    # 创建一个nginx容器，自定义名称为mynginx,将nginx的端口随机映射到宿主机端口
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps    # 查看正在运行的容器，发现nginx映射到了宿主机的49153端口
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                     NAMES
12c76efcc8f7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   48 seconds ago   Up 47 seconds   0.0.0.0:49153->80/tcp, :::49153->80/tcp   mynginx

守护方式创建容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -di --name mynginx -p 80:80 nginx
a0a190090a232b9d3ed1a0882d77088c198d710b129ec764d9b66cedc960f096
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                               NAMES
a0a190090a23   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   11 seconds ago   Up 11 seconds   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   mynginx
[root@localhost ~]#

登录到守护方式创建的容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mynginx /bin/bash
root@a0a190090a23:/#

启动与停止容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker start mynginx
mynginx
[root@localhost ~]# docker stop mynginx
mynginx

删除容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker rm 12c76efcc8f7    # 删除id为12c76efcc8f7的容器
12c76efcc8f7

3.文件拷贝

宿主机拷贝到容器

docker cp 需要拷贝的文件或目录 容器名称:容器目录

例：将宿主机中的test.py文件拷贝到mynginx容器中的/root目录下

[root@localhost ~]# vi test.py
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp test.py mynginx:/root
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS         PORTS                               NAMES
a0a190090a23   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   10 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   mynginx
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mynginx /bin/bash
root@a0a190090a23:/# ls /root/
test.py
root@a0a190090a23:/#

容器拷贝到宿主机

docker cp 容器名称:容器目录 需要拷贝的文件或目录

例：

root@a0a190090a23:~# touch test.txt
root@a0a190090a23:~# exit
exit
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp mynginx:/root/test.txt ./
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  index.txt  test.py  test.txt

7.目录挂载

1.指定目录挂载

# 创建一个nginx容器，端口映射为81端口，宿主机的/root/mynginx_02映射到容器的/root/mynginx_02目录
# 此时，修改宿主机的/root/mynginx_02同时会修改容器的/root/mynginx_02
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -di --name nginx02 -p 81:80 -v /root/mynginx_02/:/root/mynginx_02 nginx
64e80e6ff89ecefea568b317690baa8c9072c270a480db3c749d0ebc07202616

查看某个容器的详细信息

[root@localhost mynginx_02]# docker inspect nginx02    # 查看nginx02的详细信息

2.匿名挂载

匿名挂载就是在宿主机中生成的目录名称是随机命名的

匿名挂载只需要写容器的目录即可，容器外对应的目录会在/var/lib/docker/volume中生成。

# 匿名挂载
docker run -di -v /usr/local/data --name centos7-02 centos:7 
# 查看volume数据卷信息
docker volume ls

例:

# 匿名挂载目录
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -di -v /usr/local/data --name centos7-02 centos:7 
59778edd9a81bc5c5dcd24799429c05fec27e8d6042c88735f23d301f78a80c1
# 查看生成的数据卷信息
[root@localhost ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/volumes/
backingFsBlockDev  e83692d4dbc68d740a75f7761cec27738f120afae98be50948527665da95bf54  metadata.db
# 进入容器的/usr/local/data目录随意创建一个文件
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it centos7-02 /bin/bash
[root@59778edd9a81 /]# cd /usr/local/data/
[root@59778edd9a81 data]# ls
[root@59778edd9a81 data]# touch test.txt      
# 在宿主机中查看容器对应的目录
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/
backingFsBlockDev                                                 metadata.db
e83692d4dbc68d740a75f7761cec27738f120afae98be50948527665da95bf54/ 
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/e83692d4dbc68d740a75f7761cec27738f120afae98be50948527665da95
[root@localhost e83692d4dbc68d740a75f7761cec27738f120afae98be50948527665da95bf54]# ls
_data
[root@localhost e83692d4dbc68d740a75f7761cec27738f120afae98be50948527665da95bf54]# cd _data/
# 发现宿主机此目录下同容器一样，有刚创建的test.txt文件
[root@localhost _data]# ls
test.txt

3.具名挂载

具名挂载就是在宿主机中生成的目录名称是我们指定的名称

# 创建一个nginx容器，指定宿主机目录为docker_nginx_data,容器中对应的目录为/usr/local/data,
[root@localhost volumes]# docker run -di -v docker_nginx_data:/usr/local/data --name nginx06 nginx
e832041a8a3804f68204b8740c8addb8865df7ae8bec9b477ab851d0b1671c83
# 查看宿主机生成的新目录，发现有了docker_nginx_data
[root@localhost volumes]# ls /var/lib/docker/volumes/
backingFsBlockDev  docker_nginx_data  e83692d4dbc68d740a75f7761cec27738f120afae98be50948527665da95bf54  metadata.db

4.数据卷只读

数据卷只读就是挂载到容器中目录，容器只有读取权限。

[root@localhost volumes]# docker run -di --name nginx07 -P -v /nginx07:/nginx07:ro nginx
8ca4534cb21f57ff7d7a4fe2d6caa4caa25f604132982072c8664db1289c43d0
# 发现在var/lib/docker/volumes/目录中不会有目录生成，新目录生成在宿主机的/nginx07
[root@localhost volumes]# ls /var/lib/docker/volumes/
backingFsBlockDev  docker_nginx_data  e83692d4dbc68d740a75f7761cec27738f120afae98be50948527665da95bf54  metadata.db
# 此时想在容器中创建文件就会报错
root@8ca4534cb21f:/nginx07# touch 123
touch: cannot touch '123': Read-only file system

5.volume-form继承

一个容器继承领另一个容器挂载的地址

# 创建一个新的容器nginx09，继承nginx07挂载的地址
[root@localhost _data]# docker run -di --name nginx09 --volumes-from nginx07 nginx
0bc9b443996448b613df2841d229ec769418d1365737da16ed39ab1fc15df722
# 此时进入容器中查看
[root@localhost _data]# docker exec -it nginx09 /bin/bash
# 发现有nginx07目录
root@0bc9b4439964:/# ls
bin  boot  dev    docker-entrypoint.d  docker-entrypoint.sh  etc    home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  nginx07  opt  proc  root    run  sbin  srv    sys  tmp  usr  var
# 进入nginx07目录，发现有1.txt文件
root@0bc9b4439964:/# cd nginx07/
root@0bc9b4439964:/nginx07# ls 
1.txt

6.查看目录卷挂载关系

# 查看目录卷的创建时间、名称、位置
[root@localhost _data]# docker volume inspect docker_nginx_data
[
    {
        "CreatedAt": "2021-10-31T04:41:05-04:00",
        "Driver": "local",
        "Labels": null,
        "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/docker_nginx_data/_data",
        "Name": "docker_nginx_data",
        "Options": null,
        "Scope": "local"
    }
]
# 查看某个容器的ip
[root@localhost _data]# docker inspect --format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' nginx07
172.17.0.2

8.docker镜像构建

docker commit：从容器创建一个新镜像
docker bulid：配合dockerfile创建一个镜像

1.通过docker commit来实现镜像的构建

我们通过基础镜像centos7，在容器中安装jdk和tomcat来创建一个新的镜像mycentos:7⃣

创建容器

[root@localhost _data]# docker pull cnetos:7    # 拉取镜像
[root@localhost _data]# docker run -di --name centos7 centos:7    # 基于centos:7镜像创建一个容器centos
d38288c7a5bd5ee4edc1586d20b7e3b1900084f8267d6be977187793d898f00a

拷贝资源

先在宿主机中准备好tomcat和jdk的安装包，然后将安装包拷贝到容器中

# 将安装包拷贝到容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp /root/apache-tomcat-8.5.72.tar.gz centos7:/root
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp /root/jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz centos7:/root
# 进入容器中查看拷贝的东西
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it centos7 /bin/bash
[root@d38288c7a5bd /]# cd /root/
[root@d38288c7a5bd ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  apache-tomcat-8.5.72.tar.gz  jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz
# 解压文件
[root@d38288c7a5bd ~]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.72.tar.gz -C /usr/local/tomcat/
[root@d38288c7a5bd ~]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/java/
# 配置环境变量
[root@d38288c7a5bd ~]# vi /etc/profile
# 添加以下配置，然后保存退出
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_311
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
# 使配置生效
[root@d38288c7a5bd ~]# source /etc/profile
# 检查java环境是否配好
[root@d38288c7a5bd ~]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_311"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_311-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.311-b11, mixed mode)

构建镜像

docker commit [options] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

-a : 提交镜像的作者
-m：提交镜像时的说明文字
-c：使用Dockerfile指令来创建镜像
-p：在创建镜像时将容器暂停

# 将自己的centos7容器生成一个mycentos7:7的镜像，-a代表镜像作者，-m代表这次构建镜像提交的信息
[root@localhost ~]# docker commit -a="myhelloworld" -m="java8 and tomcat9" centos7 mycentos:7
sha256:4def58ba6be8479e46dc18af7189c0ae64db802fda4af16da3d33d37d3601d8b
# 查看docker有哪些镜像，发现多了一个自己创建的mycentos
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
mycentos      7         4def58ba6be8   11 seconds ago   741MB
nginx         latest    87a94228f133   2 weeks ago      133MB
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   5 weeks ago      13.3kB
centos        7         eeb6ee3f44bd   6 weeks ago      204MB

用自己的镜像创建容器

# 尝试用自己构建的镜像创建容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -di --name centos7 -p 8080:8080 mycentos:7
e4137800776b4b2e6dd37ee2a8203ae7a3e37d343cd140cd4de73190948d9337
# 进入容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it centos7 bash
[root@e4137800776b /]# 
[root@e4137800776b /]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.72/
# 尝试运行tomcat，发现报错
[root@e4137800776b apache-tomcat-8.5.72]# ./bin/startup.sh 
Neither the JAVA_HOME nor the JRE_HOME environment variable is defined
At least one of these environment variable is needed to run this program
# 使环境变量生效
[root@e4137800776b apache-tomcat-8.5.72]# source /etc/profile
# 再次尝试，发现成功
[root@e4137800776b apache-tomcat-8.5.72]# ./bin/startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.72
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.72
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.72/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_311
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.72/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.72/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:   
Tomcat started.

此时用一台电脑访问宿主机ip:8080即可看到如下界面：

2.Dockerfile作用

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/dockerfile
[root@localhost dockerfile]# vi Dockerfile
ENV JAVA_HOME=/usr/loacl/java/jdk1.8.0_311
ENV PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
# 启动容器时启动tomcat
CMD ["/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.72/bin/catalina.sh","run"]
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/dockerfile/Dockerfile 

# 指明构建的新镜像的基础镜像是来自centos:7的
FROM centos:7
# 通过镜像标签声明了作者信息
LABEL maintainer="mrhelloworld.com"
# 设置工作目录
WORKDIR /usr/local
# 新镜像构建成功以后创建指定目录
RUN mkdir -p /usr/local/java && /usr/local/tomcat
# 拷贝文件到镜像中并解压
ADD jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/java
ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.72.tar.gz /usr/local/tomcat
# 暴露容器运行时的8080监听端口给外部
EXPOSE 8080
# 设置容器内JAVA_HOME的环境变量
ENV JAVA_HOME=/usr/loacl/java/jdk1.8.0_311
ENV PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
# 启动容器时启动tomcat
CMD ["/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.72/bin/catalina.sh","run"]

[root@localhost /]# cd root/
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  apache-tomcat-8.5.72.tar.gz  index.txt  jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz  mynginx_02  test.py  test.txt
[root@localhost ~]# cp jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/dockerfile/
[root@localhost ~]# cp apache-tomcat-8.5.72.tar.gz /usr/local/dockerfile/
[root@localhost dockerfile]# ls
apache-tomcat-8.5.72.tar.gz  Dockerfile  jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz

3.利用Dockerfile构建镜像

# /usr/local/dockerfile代表Dockerfile所需的安装包存放的位置
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker build -f /usr/local/dockerfile/Dockerfile -t mycentos:7 /usr/local/dockerfile
Sending build context to Docker daemon  157.4MB
Step 1/11 : FROM centos:7
 ---> eeb6ee3f44bd
Step 2/11 : LABEL maintainer="mrhelloworld.com"
 ---> Running in acc7170cea8a
Removing intermediate container acc7170cea8a
 ---> f31f5a212077
Step 3/11 : WORKDIR /usr/local
 ---> Running in e547a711ed7a
Removing intermediate container e547a711ed7a
 ---> 5be9f42fcad7
Step 4/11 : RUN mkdir -p /usr/local/java
 ---> Running in 1a3724eaec53
Removing intermediate container 1a3724eaec53
 ---> 32f4418fdda7
Step 5/11 : RUN mkdir -p /usr/local/tomcat
 ---> Running in c418f32a0523
Removing intermediate container c418f32a0523
 ---> 8f58e412baca
Step 6/11 : ADD jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/java
 ---> f4ecfe50eafa
Step 7/11 : ADD apache-tomcat-8.5.72.tar.gz /usr/local/tomcat
 ---> 66b44bc9677a
Step 8/11 : EXPOSE 8080
 ---> Running in 17c52ce48b43
Removing intermediate container 17c52ce48b43
 ---> c54233396b41
Step 9/11 : ENV JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_311
 ---> Running in cfb5833a22c1
Removing intermediate container cfb5833a22c1
 ---> 6252c1aba29d
Step 10/11 : ENV PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
 ---> Running in 74cb21f735fd
Removing intermediate container 74cb21f735fd
 ---> 2d4b07c042a1
Step 11/11 : CMD ["/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.72/bin/catalina.sh","run"]
 ---> Running in fcee15fd66ae
Removing intermediate container fcee15fd66ae
 ---> bd1032e5d52e
Successfully built bd1032e5d52e
Successfully tagged mycentos:7
[root@localhost dockerfile]#
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
mycentos      7         bd1032e5d52e   24 seconds ago   584MB
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   6 weeks ago      13.3kB
centos        7         eeb6ee3f44bd   7 weeks ago      204MB
# 用构建的镜像创建容器
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker run -di --name mycentos7 -p 8080 mycentos:7
835d9e6796d019c46bd6b97d1b396a9c47f76df6d09982148684a5d93d7f6b52
# 查看容器是否已运行
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE        COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                         NAMES
835d9e6796d0   mycentos:7   "/usr/local/tomcat/a…"   3 seconds ago   Up 2 seconds   0.0.0.0:49156->8080/tcp, :::49156->8080/tcp   mycentos7
[root@localhost dockerfile]#
# 接着直接在网页中访问ip:8080即可直接访问tomcat

9.Docker的备份恢复迁移

1.镜像备份

使用 docker save 将指定镜像保存成tar文件

docker save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
docker save -o /root/mycentos7.tar mycentos:7

例：

# 查看当前镜像有哪些
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   6 weeks ago   13.3kB
centos        7         eeb6ee3f44bd   8 weeks ago   204MB
# 将centos:7镜像打包成tar文件
[root@localhost ~]# docker save -o /root/mycentos.tar centos:7
# 查看是否生成文件
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  apache-tomcat-8.5.72.tar.gz  index.txt  jdk-8u311-linux-x64.tar.gz  mycentos.tar  mynginx_02  test.py  test.txt
[root@localhost ~]#

2.镜像恢复

使用docker load将docker save保存的tar文件导入到当前镜像

docker load [OPTIONS]
docker load -i mycentos.tar

-i：指定导入的文件
-q：精简输出信息

例：

# 删除原始镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   6 weeks ago   13.3kB
centos        7         eeb6ee3f44bd   8 weeks ago   204MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi centos:7
Untagged: centos:7
Untagged: centos@sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987
Deleted: sha256:eeb6ee3f44bd0b5103bb561b4c16bcb82328cfe5809ab675bb17ab3a16c517c9
Deleted: sha256:174f5685490326fc0a1c0f5570b8663732189b327007e47ff13d2ca59673db02
# 导入我们刚刚导出的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker load -i mycentos.tar 
174f56854903: Loading layer [==================================================>]  211.7MB/211.7MB
Loaded image: centos:7
# 查看是否导入
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   6 weeks ago   13.3kB
centos        7         eeb6ee3f44bd   8 weeks ago   204MB
[root@localhost ~]#

10.DockerHub的使用

1.注册账号

先去https://hub.docker.com/注册一个账号

2.登陆账号

然后登陆账号:

[root@localhost ~]# docker login
Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
Username: 1787417712    # 输入自己的账号
Password:                 # 输入自己的密码
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded    # 登陆成功提示
[root@localhost ~]#

3.推送镜像至仓库

为了方便测试，我们将hello-world推送到仓库

先给镜像设置标签：docker tag local-image:tagname new-repo:tagname

再将镜像推送到仓库：docker push new-repo:tagname

# 查看有哪些镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
centos        7         eeb6ee3f44bd   8 weeks ago   204MB
# 给一个镜像打标签
[root@localhost ~]# docker tag hello-world:latest 1787417712/test-helloworld:1.0.0
# 再次查看有哪些镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
1787417712/test-helloworld   1.0.0     feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
hello-world                  latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
centos                       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   8 weeks ago   204MB
# 上传镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker push 1787417712/test-helloworld:1.0.0
The push refers to repository [docker.io/1787417712/test-helloworld]
e07ee1baac5f: Pushed 
1.0.0: digest: sha256:f54a58bc1aac5ea1a25d796ae155dc228b3f0e11d046ae276b39c4bf2f13d8c4 size: 525
[root@localhost ~]#

接着可以到hub.docker.com登陆自己的账号查看是否上传成功:

4.尝试拉取自己上传的镜像

# 查看当前镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
1787417712/test-helloworld   1.0.0     feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
hello-world                  latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
centos                       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   8 weeks ago   204MB
# 删除之前的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi 1787417712/test-helloworld:1.0.0
Untagged: 1787417712/test-helloworld:1.0.0
Untagged: 1787417712/test-helloworld@sha256:f54a58bc1aac5ea1a25d796ae155dc228b3f0e11d046ae276b39c4bf2f13d8c4
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
centos        7         eeb6ee3f44bd   8 weeks ago   204MB
# 拉取自己上传的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull 1787417712/test-helloworld:1.0.0
1.0.0: Pulling from 1787417712/test-helloworld
Digest: sha256:f54a58bc1aac5ea1a25d796ae155dc228b3f0e11d046ae276b39c4bf2f13d8c4
Status: Downloaded newer image for 1787417712/test-helloworld:1.0.0
docker.io/1787417712/test-helloworld:1.0.0
# 查看是否拉取成功
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
1787417712/test-helloworld   1.0.0     feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
hello-world                  latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
centos                       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   8 weeks ago   204MB
[root@localhost ~]#

5.退出账号

[root@localhost ~]# docker logout
Removing login credentials for https://index.docker.io/v1/
[root@localhost ~]#

11.Docker私有仓库搭建

1.拉取registry镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull registry
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/registry
79e9f2f55bf5: Pull complete 
0d96da54f60b: Pull complete 
5b27040df4a2: Downloading [===============================================>   ]  6.449MB/6.824MB
e2ead8259a04: Downloading 
3790aef225b9: Downloading 
latest: Pulling from library/registry
79e9f2f55bf5: Pull complete 
0d96da54f60b: Pull complete 
5b27040df4a2: Pull complete 
e2ead8259a04: Pull complete 
3790aef225b9: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:169211e20e2f2d5d115674681eb79d21a217b296b43374b8e39f97fcf866b375
Status: Downloaded newer image for registry:latest
docker.io/library/registry:latest
[root@localhost ~]#

2.修改配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
# 应用配置
[root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl daemon-reload
# 重启docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker

3.创建私有仓库容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -di --name registry -p 5000:5000 -v /mydata/docker_registry:/var/lib/registry registry
8ce589a0bce5a7703d5c9fb018cdbdf8e147c05f878f057c4078731f4e8b5d84
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# cd /mydata/docker_registry/
[root@localhost docker_registry]# 
[root@localhost docker_registry]# ls
[root@localhost docker_registry]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE      COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                                       NAMES
8ce589a0bce5   registry   "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp   registry
[root@localhost docker_registry]#

接着打开浏览器输入ip:5000/v2/_catalog看到：

即代表成功！

4.推送镜像到私有仓库

[root@localhost docker_registry]# docker tag hello-world:latest 192.168.1.250:5000/test-helloworld:1.0.0
#  192.168.1.250:5000是自己的ip+端口号
[root@localhost docker_registry]# docker push 192.168.1.250:5000/test-helloworld:1.0.0
The push refers to repository [192.168.1.250:5000/test-helloworld]
e07ee1baac5f: Pushed 
1.0.0: digest: sha256:f54a58bc1aac5ea1a25d796ae155dc228b3f0e11d046ae276b39c4bf2f13d8c4 size: 525
[root@localhost docker_registry]#

刷新浏览器可以看到:

5.拉取私有仓库镜像

[root@localhost docker_registry]# docker pull 192.168.1.250:5000/test-helloworld:1.0.0
1.0.0: Pulling from test-helloworld
Digest: sha256:f54a58bc1aac5ea1a25d796ae155dc228b3f0e11d046ae276b39c4bf2f13d8c4
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.1.250:5000/test-helloworld:1.0.0
192.168.1.250:5000/test-helloworld:1.0.0
[root@localhost docker_registry]# docker images
REPOSITORY                           TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
registry                             latest    b8604a3fe854   3 hours ago   26.2MB
192.168.1.250:5000/test-helloworld   1.0.0     feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
1787417712/test-helloworld           1.0.0     feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
hello-world                          latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 weeks ago   13.3kB
centos                               7         eeb6ee3f44bd   8 weeks ago   204MB
[root@localhost docker_registry]#

12.Docker网络模式

Docker四种网络模式

Docker网络模式	配置	说明
host模式	–net=host	容器和宿主机共享Network namespace。
container模式	–net=container:NAME_or_ID	容器和另外一个容器共享Network namespace。 kubernetes中的pod就是多个容器共享一个Network namespace。
none模式	–net=none	容器有独立的Network namespace，但并没有对其进行任何网络设置，如分配veth pair 和网桥连接，配置IP等。
bridge模式	–net=bridge	（默认为该模式）

1.host模式

创建容器时加上参数:–network host即可

# 创建一个容器，指定网络模式为host
[root@localhost /]# docker run -it --name bbox02 --network host busybox
/ # 
# 查看网卡ip
/ # ip a
1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b5:59:76 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.250/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::e136:cd54:f97c:f725/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0:  mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue 
    link/ether 02:42:23:92:ba:90 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:23ff:fe92:ba90/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
/ # exit
[root@localhost /]# ip a
1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b5:59:76 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.250/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::e136:cd54:f97c:f725/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0:  mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN 
    link/ether 02:42:23:92:ba:90 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:23ff:fe92:ba90/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost /]#

发现两者是相同的，即host模式就是容器使用的是宿主机的卡，相同的网络环境。

bridge模式

# 容器默认为bridge模式，所以创建的时候可以不加参数即为bridge模式
[root@localhost /]# docker run -it --name bbox02 busybox
/ # ip a
1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
10: eth0@if11:  mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue 
    link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.2/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
/ # 
# 查看宿主机网卡情况，发现多了个13: veth7e697be@if12，容器和宿主机通信就是靠的这个网卡
[root@localhost ~]# ip a
1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b5:59:76 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.250/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::e136:cd54:f97c:f725/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0:  mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP 
    link/ether 02:42:23:92:ba:90 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:23ff:fe92:ba90/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
13: veth7e697be@if12:  mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP 
    link/ether 96:86:47:33:2b:55 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet6 fe80::9486:47ff:fe33:2b55/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]#

3.none模式

指定容器为None模式即容器开始没有网络，需要自己配置。

创建容器的时候加上参数**–network none**即可创建网络模式为none的容器。

4.container模式

创建容器时加上参数:**–network container:已运行的容器名/容器ID **即可

# 创建一个网络模式为container模式的容器，用bbox1相同的网络模式
[root@localhost /]# docker run -it --name bbox04 --network container:bbox1 busybox
/ # ip a
1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
14: eth0@if15:  mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue 
    link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.2/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
/ # 
# 查看bbox1的网卡信息，发现和bbox04的一样
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it bbox1 sh
/ # ip a
1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
14: eth0@if15:  mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue 
    link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.2/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
/ #

12.自定义网络

1.创建网络

# 创建一个新的网络
[root@localhost /]# docker network create custom_network
358dcd3df93625bb7328383e89fc38cadb7046e5e31e4123bf72976d3ea874ca
# 查看是否创建成功
[root@localhost /]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID     NAME             DRIVER    SCOPE
a4417a6df8fc   bridge           bridge    local
358dcd3df936   custom_network   bridge    local
7e8bff04dc54   host             host      local
466f8d7fd78e   none             null      local
[root@localhost /]# 
# 分别创建bbox05和bbox06,网络模式选择刚创建的custom
[root@localhost /]# docker run -it --name bbox05 --network custom_network busybox
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it --name bbox06 --network custom_network busybox
# 进入容器bbox05内,发现可以直接用容器名字ping
/ # ping bbox06
PING bbox06 (172.18.0.3): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms
64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.189 ms
64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.127 ms
64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.131 ms
64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.102 ms
^C
--- bbox06 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.054/0.120/0.189 ms
/ #

13.搭建Redis集群

1.环境准备

两台虚拟机:192.168.1.250,192.168.1.251

docker环境:

docker镜像：redis

2.搭建

下载redis镜像
```
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull redis
```

编写redis配置文件

在两台虚拟机中分别执行:

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/docker-redis/redis-cluster
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/docker-redis/redis-cluster/
[root@localhost redis-cluster]# vi redis-cluster.tmpl

在192.168.1.250中编辑文件写入:

port ${PORT}    # 端口
requirepass 1234    # 密码
masterauth 1234        # 集群节点密码
protected-mode no    # 安全模式- 关闭
daemonize no        # 是否后台
appendonly yes        # aof文件是否开启
cluster-enabled yes    # 集群环境是否开启
cluster-config-file nodes.conf    # 配置文件名称
cluster-node-timeout 15000    # 超市时间
cluster-announce-ip 192.168.1.250    # ip
cluster-announce-port ${PORT}    # 集群端口
cluster-announce-bus-port  1${PORT}    # 消息总线内部端口

在192.168.1.251中编辑文件写入:

port ${PORT}    # 端口
requirepass 1234    # 密码
masterauth 1234        # 集群节点密码
protected-mode no    # 安全模式- 关闭
daemonize no        # 是否后台
appendonly yes        # aof文件是否开启
cluster-enabled yes    # 集群环境是否开启
cluster-config-file nodes.conf    # 配置文件名称
cluster-node-timeout 15000    # 超市时间
cluster-announce-ip 192.168.1.251    # ip
cluster-announce-port ${PORT}    # 集群端口
cluster-announce-bus-port  1${PORT}    # 消息总线内部端口

在192.168.1.250执行:

for port in `seq 6371 6373`; do \
mkdir -p ${port}/conf \
&& PORT=${port} envsubst < redis-cluster.tmpl > ${port}/conf/redis.conf \
&& mkdir -p ${port}/data;\
done

在192.168.1.251执行:

for port in `seq 6374 6376`; do \
mkdir -p ${port}/conf \
&& PORT=${port} envsubst < redis-cluster.tmpl > ${port}/conf/redis.conf \
&& mkdir -p ${port}/data;\
done

在192.168.1.250中执行:

[root@localhost redis-cluster]# tree /usr/local/docker-redis/redis-cluster/
/usr/local/docker-redis/redis-cluster/
├── 6371
│   ├── conf
│   │   └── redis.conf
│   └── data
├── 6372
│   ├── conf
│   │   └── redis.conf
│   └── data
├── 6373
│   ├── conf
│   │   └── redis.conf
│   └── data
└── redis-cluster.tmpl

9 directories, 4 files
[root@localhost redis-cluster]#

在192.168.1.251中执行:

[root@localhost redis-cluster]# tree /usr/local/docker-redis/redis-cluster/
/usr/local/docker-redis/redis-cluster/
├── 6374
│   ├── conf
│   │   └── redis.conf
│   └── data
├── 6375
│   ├── conf
│   │   └── redis.conf
│   └── data
├── 6376
│   ├── conf
│   │   └── redis.conf
│   └── data
└── redis-cluster.tmpl

9 directories, 4 files
[root@localhost redis-cluster]#

创建redis容器

在192.168.1.250中执行:

for port in $(seq 6371 6373); do \
  docker run -id --restart always --name redis-${port} --net host \
  -v /usr/local/docker-redis/redis-cluster/${port}/conf/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf \
  -v /usr/local/docker-redis/redis-cluster/${port}/data:/data \
  redis redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf; \
done

在192.168.1.251中执行:

for port in $(seq 6374 6376); do \
  docker run -id --restart always --name redis-${port} --net host \
  -v /usr/local/docker-redis/redis-cluster/${port}/conf/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf \
  -v /usr/local/docker-redis/redis-cluster/${port}/data:/data \
  redis redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf; \
done

就分别在两台虚拟机中各创建了3个redis容器

创建redis cluster集群

在192.168.1.250中执行：

[root@localhost redis-cluster]# docker exec -it redis-6371 bash
root@localhost:/data# cd /usr/local/bin/
root@localhost:/usr/local/bin# ls
docker-entrypoint.sh  gosu  redis-benchmark  redis-check-aof  redis-check-rdb  redis-cli  redis-sentinel  redis-server
root@localhost:/usr/local/bin# 
root@localhost:/data# redis-cli -a 1234 --cluster create 192.168.1.250:6371 192.168.1.250:6372 192.168.1.250:6373 192.168.1.251:6374  192.168.1.251:6375 192.168.1.251:6376 --cluster-replicas 1
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface may not be safe.
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
Master[0] -> Slots 0 - 5460
Master[1] -> Slots 5461 - 10922
Master[2] -> Slots 10923 - 16383
Adding replica 192.168.1.251:6376 to 192.168.1.250:6371
Adding replica 192.168.1.250:6373 to 192.168.1.251:6374
Adding replica 192.168.1.251:6375 to 192.168.1.250:6372
M: 456297129cb486b101c40e341365c10aa75ef9d6 192.168.1.250:6371
   slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
M: ce097bae6e524e927a3c618cff0842b8e2ee733e 192.168.1.250:6372
   slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
S: 0dac43912efbda099854300fa6e1026247ff0808 192.168.1.250:6373
   replicates 1f11869fb991614ba37bc21944e9fe1a39a667ea
M: 1f11869fb991614ba37bc21944e9fe1a39a667ea 192.168.1.251:6374
   slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
S: 34365fc1c7931a5025364a7acd6f8c0a7b59e538 192.168.1.251:6375
   replicates ce097bae6e524e927a3c618cff0842b8e2ee733e
S: 7b13fc4d721522edd661755e058a9dda7b6dc579 192.168.1.251:6376
   replicates 456297129cb486b101c40e341365c10aa75ef9d6
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes
>>> Nodes configuration updated
>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
Waiting for the cluster to join
.
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.1.250:6371)
M: 456297129cb486b101c40e341365c10aa75ef9d6 192.168.1.250:6371
   slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
M: ce097bae6e524e927a3c618cff0842b8e2ee733e 192.168.1.250:6372
   slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
M: 1f11869fb991614ba37bc21944e9fe1a39a667ea 192.168.1.251:6374
   slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
   1 additional replica(s)
S: 0dac43912efbda099854300fa6e1026247ff0808 192.168.1.250:6373
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 1f11869fb991614ba37bc21944e9fe1a39a667ea
S: 7b13fc4d721522edd661755e058a9dda7b6dc579 192.168.1.251:6376
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates 456297129cb486b101c40e341365c10aa75ef9d6
S: 34365fc1c7931a5025364a7acd6f8c0a7b59e538 192.168.1.251:6375
   slots: (0 slots) slave
   replicates ce097bae6e524e927a3c618cff0842b8e2ee733e
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.
root@localhost:/data#

14.DockerCompose安装

# 安装
[root@localhost redis-cluster]#  sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  100   633  100   633    0     0    880      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   881
  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--    6 12.1M    6  804k    0     0   383k      0  0:00:32  0:00:02  0:00:30  100 12.1M  100 12.1M    0     0   204k      0  0:01:00  0:01:00 --:--:--  162k
[root@localhost redis-cluster]# cd /usr/local/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ls
docker-compose
# 赋予执行权限
[root@localhost bin]# sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose 
[root@localhost bin]# ll
total 12440
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 12737304 Nov 14 02:27 docker-compose
[root@localhost bin]#

Zhaotao

https://zhaotaogit.github.io/year/11/18/docker/

本博客所有文章除特別声明外，均采用 CC BY 4.0 许可协议。转载请注明来源 Zhaotao !

Docker

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2021-11-18 Python

Python

Python面向对象OOP

Python-OOP

2021-11-18 Python

Python

Docker

Docker

1.配置虚拟机IP

2.安装Docker引擎

3.Doker的启动与停止命令

4.配置镜像加速

5.镜像相关命令

1.查看镜像

3.搜索镜像

4.拉取镜像

5.删除镜像

6.容器相关命令

1.查看容器

2.创建与启动容器

3.文件拷贝

7.目录挂载

1.指定目录挂载

2.匿名挂载

3.具名挂载

4.数据卷只读

5.volume-form继承

6.查看目录卷挂载关系

8.docker镜像构建

1.通过docker commit来实现镜像的构建

2.Dockerfile作用

3.利用Dockerfile构建镜像

9.Docker的备份恢复迁移

1.镜像备份

2.镜像恢复

10.DockerHub的使用

1.注册账号

2.登陆账号

3.推送镜像至仓库

4.尝试拉取自己上传的镜像

5.退出账号

11.Docker私有仓库搭建

1.拉取registry镜像

2.修改配置文件

3.创建私有仓库容器

4.推送镜像到私有仓库

5.拉取私有仓库镜像

12.Docker网络模式

1.host模式

bridge模式

3.none模式

4.container模式

12.自定义网络

1.创建网络

13.搭建Redis集群

1.环境准备

2.搭建

14.DockerCompose安装

你的赏识是我前进的动力